What Is The Difference Between A Power Cord And Cable?

1、 Wire classification

1. Safety regulations: 1.1: UL/CUL (CSA) (US, Canada): main line types include: SPT-1, SPT-2, SVT, SJT, 1007, 1015, 2468, etc

1.2: VDE (Germany) (VDE, CEBEC, KEMA-KEUR

1.3: CCC (national standard) lines mainly include 52 (RVV), 53 (RVV), etc.

1.4: PSE (Japan) lines mainly include VFF, VCTF, VCTFK, etc.

1.5: Standard lines and non marking lines in SAA and other small areas.

2. According to the structure: 2.1: single insulated wire (wire with only one layer of insulator), such as SPT-1, 1007, etc.

2.2: Covered wire (wire with two or more layers of insulation). For example: SJT, HO3VVH2-F, 1185, etc.

3. According to electrical performance: 3.1: wires and cables: SVT, SPT-1, HO3VVH2-F, etc.

3.2: Electronic wires: 1007, 1015, 2468, 1185, etc.

(Wires, cables and electronic wires all have shielding wires. The shielding wires are mainly used for anti-interference, aluminum foil, copper foil, weaving, winding, etc.)

2、 Wire construction

Wire is mainly composed of conductor and insulator.

1. Conductor

1.1: Conductor materials: copper, aluminum, iron, silver, gold, optical fiber, etc; Among them, copper is the most widely used, and the power line is mainly soft annealed copper wire. Copper wire is divided into bare copper wire (AS) and tinned copper wire (TS).

1.2: Conductor structure: divided into composite conductor and single conductor (the diameter of conductor has different requirements according to different safety regulations).

1.3: Conductor resistance: UL/CUL standard: 20 ℃, 1m long. The standard resistance of soft copper with a cutting area of 1mm2 is 0.017241 Ω.

VDE/CCC standard: 20 ℃, 1m long. The standard resistance of soft copper with a cutting area of 1mm2 is 0.0195 Ω.

2. Insulator

2.1: Insulator materials: paper, cotton, paint, plastic, rubber, mica, etc; Among them, plastic is the most widely used in electric wires. Plastics mainly include PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), etc.

2.2: Insulation resistance: the minimum insulation resistance of wire insulator specified by UL/CULF is 20 ℃, 500VDC, 2.5M Ω/1KFT. VDE/CCC specifies the minimum resistance of various wire types at 70 ℃, 80-500VDC.

(The insulation resistance test methods in UL/CUL and VDE/CCC standards are different.)

2.3: Flame retardancy of insulating materials:

2.3.1 UL/CUL is clearly divided into FT1, FT2, FT4, FT6 and VW-1; FT1 or VW-1 is the common requirement of UL for wires, and CUL (CSA) generally only requires to meet FT2 standard.

2.3.2 VDE/CCC and others also have specific requirements on the resistance flammability of insulating materials, but there is no specific distinction yet.

2.4: Insulator withstand voltage: different safety regulations have different requirements for different wires:

UL/CUL is generally divided into: 30, 90, 125, 300, 600, 1000V;

VDE/CCC is generally divided into 300/300V, 300/500V and 470/750V.

2.5: Insulation temperature resistance: UL/CUL is generally divided into 60 ℃, 75 ℃, 90 ℃ and 105 ℃; VDE/CCC is generally divided into 70 ℃ and 90 ℃.

3、 Identification

1. Identification method: oil printing, gravure printing, embossing, printing tape, etc.

2. Sign spacing: UL/CUL regulations below 610mm; VDE stipulates that the marking spacing on the sheath surface is less than 550mm; For insulated surface without sheath, the spacing of the marking tape is less than 275mm; The sheath specified by CCC is less than 500mm; The insulation surface is less than 200mm.

3. Identification content:

3.1: UL/CUL requirements (1) Manufacturer (factory name or trademark).

(2) Certification symbols "UL," "CUL", "CSA".

(3) File No.

(4) Wire name.

(5) Conductor model and number of cores

(6) Rated temperature (60 ℃ can be marked or not).

(7) Flame retardant grade.

(8) Rated voltage (300V can be marked or not)

(9) If it is a waterproof line, it is marked with "W" (waterproof generally includes 60 ℃, 75 ℃ and 90 ℃, of which 60 ℃ can be marked but not indicated; waterproof description: "water resistant 60 ℃".

(10) Special marks: general cold protection: - 40 ℃, - 50 ℃, - 60 ℃, - 70 ℃; For example: low temperature - 50 ℃; Masking mark "shield"; insulation material mark and ground wire mark when SPT-1, 2, 3 and HPN are 3-core.

UL/CUL identification (example): UL E203743 SJTW 18AWG × 3C 105℃ VW-1 300V “ water resistant 60 ℃” LONG HUI CUL TYPE SJTW 18AWG 3C 105℃ FT2 300V  ×  3.3: CCC identification (for example): LONG HUI 227 IEC 53 (RVV) 300/500V 3 0.75mm ×  2 90℃ CCC 2002010105024716 GB5023-1997

Part II: Plug

1、 Plug classification

1: Safety regulations: UL/CUL, VDE, CCC, T-MARK, SAA, BSI, etc.

2: According to structure: sub plugs, sockets and connectors. Plug and socket are generally divided into two pole plug and two pole grounding plug.

3: According to electrical performance: AC plug and DC plug.

2、 Plug construction

The plug is mainly composed of a plug-in conductor and an insulator.

1: The plug-in conductor is mainly copper conductor.

2: Insulators mainly include PVC, PE, PP, etc.

3、 Performance requirements and marks of plugs

The performance requirements and marks of plugs are generally inseparable from the performance of the wires they are connected to. Therefore, its performance and label actually refer to the performance and label of the combination of plug and wire. The combination of plug and wire is generally called "power cord".

1: The physical performance of the power cord has different requirements according to various safety regulations (omitted).

2: Electrical performance of power cord (experimental performance is omitted, and safety standards are as follows):

2.1: UL/CUL power line rated current, voltage value